The purpose of this chapter has been to review what 1 consider to be conventional infertility treatments (including just watchful waiting, for those people who arc younger and whose infertility has not been of terribly long duration). Some of these conventional approaches, such as Clomid, Parlodel, or surgery, are going to help certain patients get pregnant and need to be understood. On the other hand, it is important not to spend too many years using ineffective treatments such as varicocelectomy, different drug treatments for improving sperm count, ablation of endometriosis, years and years of Clomid or Parlodel in women who don’t have elevated prolactin, or withholding intercourse until ovulation occurs, which can lead to tremendous emotional pain and cost and still not get a couple closer to getting pregnant. Many people wait too long before embarking on more modern procedures that would have given them the highest pregnancy rate, until they’ve finally reached a point of emotional and economic exhaustion.