Parenting a toddler

So I’m having a behavioral issue I do believe with my child. He’s 1.5 years old as of today. I’m not sure what I’m doing that might not be right so maybe someone could give me some advice. He is my first and only child.

When he doesn’t get his way, he starts getting really mad and upset when I’m holding him. Yes he can walk but he doesn’t listen the greatest so I typically just pick him up and take him to change his diaper. Well today I picked him up and he got really mad. He started like hitting my head really hard with his hands and sometimes he will head butt me too or head butt my chest/collar bone area. Well needless to say this shit hurts me. So typically I will get upset and tell him not to do that and calm down. Like I’m not over the top angrily yelling at him, and I don’t hurt his feelings so he cries either. So he takes advantage of the fact that I will get up every time he cries or whatever. He knows I adore him. He’s a very smart toddler to be honest. Now I’m at a loss because I don’t know what I should do to like teach him. I know I’m not a person that can spank his butt. I had that done and I hated it, very ineffective actually. Kinda view it as abuse but you know to each their own. Anyways he can’t really go into time out because he doesn’t sit still. He will not stay if I told him to stay in one spot. Not an option. I just really don’t know anything about discipline honestly my parents always grounded, spanked or yelled which has given me a shit ton of anxiety throughout my life. The only time I raised my voice to him and he cried, then I felt bad. I’ve also lightly smacked his hand. Omg. Do you think he learned it from me smacking his hand? Idk I’m open to thoughts. Thank you